Archive for the ‘howto’ Category

The Visual Effects Budget – A Study Of Pure Evil

Thursday, November 8th, 2007

If any VFX Supe tells you that they like budgeting shows they are lying. I have yet to meet the visual effects guy (or gal) that got into the biz because they love working with Excel spread sheets. Alas, budgets are a necessary evil. Scott Squires’ highly informative blog Effects Corner posted a very complete overview of the VFX budgeting process. I thought I’d throw my $0.02 into the ring, focusing some of the finer points Mr. Squires may have glossed over. 

Don’t pitch in the budget- The time to spitball ideas for cool ways of shooting VFX is in a Visual Effects concept meeting. If you start budgeting David Lean effects on an Ed Wood budget without clearing it with the powers that be first, you could be in for a world of hurt later on. This is especially true when you are working on monetarily challenged projects. You want to make sure you give your client creative solutions that fit in their budget, not try to force them to do something that they can’t afford and will look like crap because they ran out of dough.       
Break out your assets – Say you have a sequence of shots where a giant ghost pirate attacks a cruise ship filled with trans-gender cheerleaders (Mr. Bruckheimer this script is available for an option). You have two choices, first you could split the cost of building the CG pirate and cruise ship over the shots. Or you could budget the cost of building the re-usable CG models and rigs (also known as assets) seperately. The second choice is the only way to go in my opinion. If you bury the cost of an asset over several shots you are opening yourself up to big trouble down the line when those shots get trimmed. In this case, every time a shot is cut a piece of your asset budget goes with it. Having a sub-budget for the pirate and cruise ships sets aside the build cost and protects that part of the budget from changes in the individual shots.
Explain everything- Most budget related conflicts arise from from a lack of understanding about what is actually required from the shot. The client may want a simple 8 frame snap zoom done in comp when you bid for an entire CG city fly-through. To a certain extent these misunderstandings are inevitable, but a clear and to-the-point explanation of what you plan to do for each and every bid item is a must to keep confusion to a minimum. Be careful though, if your description of a shot gets too fancy it may cause the dreaded vfx-eye-glaze to form on your client. 
Think of the artists- When you bid it’s best that you have a specific team of individuals in mind that know well. Some artist can take take 3 or 4 times as long to do a certain type of shot than another. Knowing what team you are using and what their strengths and weaknesses are is crucial to getting you bid hours right. Thinking of the artists also means doing a gut check to make sure that you are not burning your people out. This is a flat bid business and once a price is agreed on, it’s essentially locked. Nothing will cause a crew to mutiny faster than having to work on a shot that was bid for two days and actually takes twelve to complete.
 

LINK to Budgeting VFX on Effects Corner 

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How To Survive An All-Nighter – Navigating Visual Effects Hell

Tuesday, October 23rd, 2007

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Sometimes you just can’t avoid it, a show gets behind and have must push through to the wee-wee hours of the morning to get through. Having just finished one of these nocturnal marathons, I have a few things to keep in mind so you don’t lose your mind.

  1. Drink Water – It’s tough to communicate when you feel when your mouth feels like a cotton ball factory.
  2. Drink Caffeine – Duh! But watch out, that pep-me-up can turn to a twitchy mouse hand before you can say Red Bull.
  3. Don’t Disco Nap- 20 minutes of shuteye between renders may seem like a good idea, but it can sometimes take hours to fully wake from a 15 minute nap.
  4. Have Dance Party – Crank up the tunes (the headphone rule is suspended during an all-nighter). Some quick David Lee Roth style “Panama” kicks will really get the blood flowin.
  5. Write Stuff Down – It’s easy to forget junk when you are dazed from lack of rest. A simple check list could keep you from losing faith in yourself.
  6. Get a Ride – After 20 – 30 hours at work you are not qualified to operate heavy machinery. Have a friend or spouse pick your sorry ass up.
  7. Keep it Lite – Don’t loose your cool. It’s better to get slappy and goofy than to start snarling and drooling like a caged coyote.
  8. Call a Time Out – Talk about something other than the job for 5 minutes or so. Sometimes you just need to flush the VFX garbage out of your mind with small talk.
  9. Fresh Air is Good – Step outside and take a deep breath. The cool fresh air will wake you up. If you work in Hollywood proper, beware of fumes from nearby crack pipes.
  10. Get a Good Nights Sleep – After the all-nighter is over, don’t just flop into bed with your clothes on. Go through your regular bedtime ritual (jammies, spider-man toothbrush, whatever) that way your body knows to calm down and finally get some rest.
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Me On The Interwebs

Friday, October 12th, 2007

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I gave a quite lengthly interview to the good folks over at the Fractal Matter blog. It mostly covers the work done for the new FOX series based on the Terminator, The Sarah Connor Chronicles. The piece also lets me ramble on a bit about my philosophies regarding creating cool effects for TV shows. Take a peek!

LINK to the interview

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Working Below the Line – A Visual Effects Supervisors Guide to Surviving On Set

Wednesday, October 10th, 2007

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One of the scariest moments that a new VFX supervisor can endure is their first day on a working film set. The seasoned veterans you may encounter your first time out can sometimes be less than helpful and often downright intimidating. Walking onto a hot set from the relative safety and comfort of the soft glow of a monitor can feel a bit like a white-tail deer walking into an NRA convention.

Come prepared As you can see from my earlier kit bag post, I like to come to set prepared for anything. This also extends to doing my homework and knowing exactly what I am shooting and how I’m going to accomplish getting the plates that I need. There is no shame in writing down a checklist and knocking stuff off one set-up at a time. You do not want to be the guy who just isn’t quite sure what the hell he wants. Your average film production professional can smell fear and ineptitude almost as well as approaching catering truck. If the crew starts to think you’re just another mouse jockey who doesn’t know a Baby from a Blonde, they can make your life on set a living hell.

Bonus Tip: Most VFX Supes I know carry a laptop with them to set. A rough of the matte painting that is going into the greenscreen or the animatic of what the non-existent T-Rex is going to be doing when the shot is finally done is key to getting everyone on board with what you are trying to do.

Know your lingo Jargon is commonplace in in the military, medical and IT fields and for good reason. There are many specific objects and actions that need to have a common named assigned to them to keep any task from evolving into chaos. You don’t ever here a ER doctor say “Nurse, get me the long thingy with the little clippy gizmo on the end!” The world of movie making is no different. It’s up to you to crack the code. Listen carefully to what people say on set and take notes. Aside from practical reasons, film set slang is also used to quickly gauge the level of experience of newbies. Coming to set armed with a few key terms put you way ahead of the game.

Bonus Tip: If you only learn one tidbit of jargon, concentrate on terms that relate to camera movement. You need to know about tilt, pan, crab, ped, push and zoom. Camera position is key to every VFX shot

Try not to ruffle any feathers Don’t be fooled by the rough and tumble exterior of film crew members. Deep down they can be as sensitive as a sunburned baby bottom. Remember these noble men and women have sacrificed countless hours with their friends and family so that they can hone their craft while standing around a table full of stale doughnuts and luke-warm coffee. In other words, they can be a down right cranky bunch. Telling a DP that their lighting looks flat could result in a death stare that could melt a standard camera package. Just changing the adjective from “flat” to something less confrontational like “even” mean the difference between a productive plate gathering session and complete bust.

Bonus Tip: Be careful who you yell at. The general rule is “Be nice to everyone.”. You never know, that lowly PA might end up as the head of the studio some day.

Don’t hold up the show An A.D. once said to me “If you’re ten minutes early you’re on time. If your on time, you’re late.” Film productions live and die by the clock. If you take into account the amount that the crew gets paid, the rental fees for the stage and it’s equipment, electricity, food and all the other things that you can get gouged for on a film set, you’re talking about thousands of dollars per minute of time on set. You don’t want to be the guy who costs everyone money. Be on time and stay where the action is (without getting in the way of course). The Director could start screaming at you at any moment. Think a few moves ahead and be ready for when your shot comes up. You don’t want to be fishing around in your kit bag for tracking markers while everyone is waiting.

Bonus Tip: Make sure you get everything you need before the Martini Shot is in the can. Once “It’s a wrap!” is called there is no way you are going to get everyone back for one last VFX plate.

Become part of the crew

You have to realize that stepping on to a film set as a young VFX Supe leaves you at a distinct disadvantage. Others will perceive you as a pasty faced mole person that has spent his entire life blankly starting into monitor and has never done a full day’s “real” work in his life. They may be right, but the fact is you need to create some sense on camaraderie with the people that you work with. This may be harder than it seems considering your average CG guy would rather discuss the state of the art in NES Emulators rather than updates to 2008 Bass Master (Grips love the catch and release). Finding common ground can be challenging but if you stick to film related topics you should be ok. Movie lines in particular are a big hit. If you can transition seemlessly from Caddyshack to The Godfather, you’ll do just fine.

Bonus Tip: Look for the old timers. Those close to retirement usually have some great war stories to pass along. A Gaffer once told me what it was like to shoot the original Lassie show on LSD. Priceless.

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“Red Five Standing By”-My Day In the Pilot’s Seat

Friday, September 28th, 2007

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One of the coolest things about being a VFX Supe is getting to do all kinds of fun stuff that people with real jobs never get a chance to do. This always comes to mind when I’m breaking something or blowing something up or ordering someone to jump off the side of a twenty foot scaffold. It’s at those times when you think to yourself “Wow, this is so cool. I can’t believe I’m actually getting paid to do this!” Well, on the set of one of my shows I got chance to jump into a flight suit and and see life on the other side of the greenscreen. What happened was this, during a shoot we found out that we were missing some in-cockpit footage of jet pilot.  There were no extras or stand-ins available so I bellied up to bar and risked almost certain ridicule from my peers for the sake of my craft. Sure I don’t look like much of a fighter pilot in these pictures, but just imagine me with my mask on, a CG airplane around me and whole lotta camera shake. Badass.

LINK to a few more photos of me on set

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How To Find a Career in Visual Effects – Making a Demo Reel That Doesn’t Suck

Wednesday, September 19th, 2007

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I’ve seen a bunch of posts over the years regarding the question “How do I, the clueless aspiring VFX artist, break into the biz?” The answer is simple, have a kickass demo reel. As a guy who has been in charge of hiring artists for the better part of a decade, I can tell that the education section of your resume doesn’t mean squat. It’s all about getting across the idea that if you were to be hired by your VFX facility of choice, you’d be able to sit down on your first day and actually produce something. Many people out there in the cyber-space will give a sugar-coated, touchy-feely “it’s all about expressing yourself” approach to what supes are looking for in a demo. I’m here to give a few tid-bits the other guys won’t cough-up so give a listen.

No one cares about your short film.

Putting your eggs in one basket is never a good idea. If you think you have the only all CG, black and white, 20 minute opus staring a sad faced alienated would-be serial killer who lives in a basement lit by one bare light bulb that swings to and fro casting creepy shadows around the room, you are sorely mistaken. If you want a job in visual effects, you need to have VFX on your reel (no duh!). Who cares about your personal struggles or deep thoughts about the nature of reality itself? Better to spend the time and effort on less shots of a higher quality.

Bonus tip: People have long memories for bad animation.  I’ll never forget the worst short film I’ve ever seen on a demo reel. The title says it all, “Unicorn Baseball”.

Pick music that won’t drive people insane.

I just finished writing a letter to my congressman urging him put a permanent ban in place on using techno music on demo reels. Please, people! Think of the children. I can’t think of anything that makes my finger wander to the eject button faster than a monotonous beat punctuated by a high pitched squeal. You don’t want the person who is watching your reel fumbling for “mute” instead of checking out your CG jams. Stay away from lyrics too, power ballads from the 80′s just cause people to laugh at you.

Bonus tip: Don’t stress too much over music choice, most of reels are watched with the sound off anyways.

Only use your very best work.

It’s better to have 1 minute of kick-ass than 3 minutes of just plain ass. Think of your demo as a mix tape you’re trying to impress a girl (or guy) with. You don’t want to kill the mood with the VFX equivalent of Night Ranger. Start off strong, keep ‘em interested for bit and end on high note. The beginning is key because most demo reel ejections take place within the first 10 seconds of viewing (time is money ya know) and the end of the reel leaves the most lasting impression on a potential future employer.

Bonus tip: Skip the slide-show of selections from your gestural figuring drawing class at the local community college. Cuz, if you don’t skip it someone else will.

Remember the small guy.

Most VFX newbies dream of getting picked-up by one of the big studios for a huge feature project. What happens more often than not is that you’ll be brought into a big shop along with a couple hundred other fresh faces and unceremoniously released after a year or two of working in the latest schlockbuster. Then, you’re right back where you started. Waiting for the studio to give you the two shots from Garfield 4 you worked on with 12 other dudes and pimping an outdated student reel. If you work for a smaller shop you can often turn around some quick, good looking shots from a commercial or TV show that can give your reel some added gravitas.

Bonus tip: Not all small shops are created equal. Choose your boutique shop carefully, or you could end up working on Shark Atack 4: Return of the Megalodon.

If you want a job in Visual Effects show some Visual Effects.

This little nugget of wisdom comes from one of the supes from my intern days. So many reels sent to VFX houses don’t contain any visual effects. Can you create realistic fire, rain or smoke? Can you track a plate, place an object in it and render it so it looks real? Turntables and animation test are great, but they don’t really create a feeling of confidence that you can create a nice looking effects shot. A wider skill set is also a big plus. Specialists who can only do one specific task get called in for shorter bookings. An artists that can take a VFX shot from soup to nuts has a better chance of sticking around for while.

Bonus tip: Only apply for a job in VFX if you really want to work in VFX. If you don’t love what you do, you’ll get real bitter, real fast.

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How To Talk To Artists And Influence Animators – A VFX Supe’s Guide to People Skills

Saturday, August 18th, 2007

As a VFX artist and VFX Supervisor, a big part of the job is taking and receiving notes and comments. Looking over FX shots and keeping animators on track can be dangerous waters. Given some the personalities involved in dealing with people who have made the conscious choice to spend their working lives hunched in front of the eerie glow of a computer monitor, stepping into a review session can sometimes feel like slipping into a sleeping bag filled with angry wolverines. I’ve been part of more reviews than Ebert and Roeper combined at this point and I’d like to share with you a few nuggets of wisdom I’ve picked up along the way.

Talk with a confident voice

There is nothing that will make a crew mutiny quicker than a captain who can’t make up his mind. You need to sound like you know what you are doing without appearing pig-headed. Everyone has an opinion when it comes to VFX and there are always multiple ways to skin a cat but someone has to be the final word. If you can’t articulate what you want, your crew won’t believe that you can sell the shots to the client. If that happens you might as well pack up and go home.

Give an artist credit

Few things are more annoying than the Supe that steals a compliment from an artist. When the client says “Hey that looks great!”, you should say “Yeah, Bill does excellent work.” The catch is, most of these situations occur when the Supe is alone with the client. In this situation the artists would never know if the Supe took credit for all the long hours he (or she) slaved for the sale of art. My suggestion, take the high road. Karma is like Santa Claus, it’s always watching you.

Concentrate on the “what” not the “how”

If you have a good team, you shouldn’t need to hold their mouse for them while they work. Use clear and concise language to tell the artists what the shot needs to be in order to get to final. “This shot just looks like ass” or “Why don’t you give it some special sauce” are not comments people can work off of. Comments like “How ’bout we add a kicker to define this shape” or “The texture in these windows needs more variation in the detail” are things that give someone enough direction to know what to do, without making them feel like they are being babied.

Keep your cool

Nobody likes a screamer. It may frighten people in the short term into listening to you but eventually it just turns into white noise and you get tuned out. There are times when fires must be lit under a team’s collective asses. In these cases, try something with a few less decibels, like guilt or disappointment.

Ask questions and keep an open mind

Nobody ever got in trouble in the VFX business for asking too many questions or being too prepared. If you are a Supe and you are good, you will eventually spend less and less time in front of “the box” yourself. New softwares will come along that you just don’t have time to learn in depth. Use the young whippersnappers on your team to report back to you all the new features and gizmos that inundate our little corner of the universe on a daily basis. From the artist-side, opening a Supes mind to new tech or workflow and showing off your CG skills in front of your co-workers can be a real morale boost.

These are the jokes people

Always maintain a good sense of humor in reviews. If you don’t have fun doing what you do, you probably shouldn’t be in the visual effects business. As a Supe, a tense review session can easily be made more bearable with a few VFX humor standbys. An ironically out of context Star Wars quote or a horrible Christopher Walken impersonation can really break the ice. And please, don’t make fun of your team. It goes without saying that self parody is a better way to go than mocking your apprentices.

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Hacks After My Own Heart – Ryan vs Dorkman 2 VFX Breakdown

Thursday, August 16th, 2007

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The kids who brought you Ryan vs Dorkman 2 have just posted a nice little How-To on one of the lightsaber shots from their internet fan flick. I love the fact that they shot real elements for this, it really makes a HUGE difference. It’s great to see people who aren’t afraid to get out from behind the monitor once while. This clip proves the old VFX adage…

If you want it to look real, shot it for real.

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VFXHack Gear: How to Build the Perfect Kit Bag for Visual Effects

Wednesday, August 8th, 2007

My VFX Kit Bag

Here’s the thing about going on set, it’s like going to war. Both consist of long hours of boredom punctuated by seconds of pure terror. And just like a good soldier, a good VFX Supe should never venture onto the battlefield set without the proper equipment. For your reading and viewing pleasure, I’ve put together a Flickr set that de-constructs a well put together kit bag, piece by wonderfully useful piece. Of course everyone will have their own ideas about what their own personal must-have items are, so let the commenting begin! ITMT here’s some tips on using your bag on set.

  • Remember: While it is true that you can always fix it later, you really only have one chance to shoot it right. Five minutes setting up tracking markers can save days of tracking and roto back at the ranch.
  • Don’t be shy. If you see a grip or a gaffer with a new piece of gear, ask em about it. If the conversation starts to drag on too long, you can always pretend you are getting a phone call or excuse yourself for a 10-100.
  • Be prepared for people to make fun of you. From the length of your tape measure to the girth of your lens, everything is fair game on set. If you can laugh at yourself and give a little gentle ribbing back in return you should be fine.
  • Answer all questions that come your way. When you open up your bag of tricks and start putting all kinds of weird crap up around the set people start to think “Does this guy really know what he’s doing, or is this all a bunch of bullshit?” It’s good to let the crew know the methods behind your madness.
  • And finally, you can always count on this. No matter how careful you are to watch your matte lines, no matter how hard you fight to lock off that camera, no matter how many people scream at you to get out of the shot as you struggle to place that last tracking marker… Someone back at the VFX house will tell you that they would have shot it completely different.

LINK to the Flick set that includes a full breakdown of kit items with notes

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